11th United States Congress

The Eleventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1809 to March 3, 1811, during the first two years of the first administration of U.S. President James Madison. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Second Census of the United States in 1800. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.

Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate
TOTAL members: 34
 * Democratic-Republican (DR): 27 (majority)
 * Federalist (F): 7

House of Representatives
TOTAL members: 142
 * Democratic-Republican (DR): 92 (majority)
 * Federalist (F): 50

Senate

 * President: George Clinton, Democratic-Republican of New York
 * President pro tempore of the Senate:
 * John Milledge, Democratic-Republican of Georgia
 * Andrew Gregg, Democratic-Republican of Pennsylvania, elected June 26, 1809
 * John Gaillard, Democratic-Republican of South Carolina, elected February 28, 1810
 * John Pope, Democratic-Republican of Kentucky, elected February 23, 1811

House of Representatives

 * Speaker: Joseph B. Varnum, Democratic-Republican of Massachusetts, elected October 26, 1807

Major events

 * March 4, 1809: James Madison became President of the United States
 * September 16, 1810: Mexican War of Independence
 * October 27, 1810: USA annexed West Florida from Spain
 * Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815)
 * Russo-Turkish War, 1806-1812

Major legislation

 * May 1, 1810 - Macon's Bill Number 2, ch. 39,

Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1814; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1810; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1812.



House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Connecticut
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Epaphroditus Champion (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Samuel W. Dana (F)
 * Ebenezer Huntington (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. John Davenport (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Jonathan O. Moseley (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Timothy Pitkin (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Lewis B. Sturges (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Benjamin Tallmadge (F)

Delaware

 * Delaware's at-large congressional district. Nicholas Van Dyke (F)

Georgia

 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. William W. Bibb (DR)
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. Howell Cobb (DR)
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. Dennis Smelt (DR)
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. George M. Troup (DR)

Kentucky

 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district. Matthew Lyon (DR)
 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district. Samuel McKee (DR)
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district. Henry Crist (DR)
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district. Richard M. Johnson (DR)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district. Benjamin Howard (DR)
 * William T. Barry (DR)
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district. Joseph Desha (DR)

Maryland
The 5th district was a plural district with two representatives.
 * Maryland's 1st congressional district. John Campbell (F)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district. Archibald Van Horne (DR)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district. Philip B. Key (F)
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district. Roger Nelson (DR)
 * Samuel Ringgold (DR)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. Alexander McKim (DR)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. Nicholas R. Moore (DR)
 * Maryland's 6th congressional district. John Montgomery (DR)
 * Maryland's 7th congressional district. John Brown (DR)
 * Robert Wright (DR)
 * Maryland's 8th congressional district. Charles Goldsborough (F)

Massachusetts

 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district. Josiah Quincy (F)
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district. Benjamin Pickman, Jr. (F)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district. Edward St. Loe Livermore (F)
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district. Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district. William Ely (F)
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district. Samuel Taggart (F)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district. William Baylies (F)
 * Charles Turner, Jr. (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district. Gideon Gardner (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district. Laban Wheaton (F)
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district. Jabez Upham (F)
 * Joseph Allen (F)
 * Massachusetts's 11th congressional district. William Stedman (F)
 * Abijah Bigelow (F)
 * Massachusetts's 12th congressional district. Ezekiel Bacon (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 13th congressional district. Ebenezer Seaver (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 14th congressional district. Richard Cutts (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 15th congressional district. Ezekiel Whitman (F)
 * Massachusetts's 16th congressional district. Orchard Cook (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 17th congressional district. Barzillai Gannett (DR)

New Hampshire

 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. Daniel Blaisdell (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. John C. Chamberlain (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. William Hale (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. Nathaniel A. Haven (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. James Wilson (F)

New Jersey

 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Adam Boyd (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. James Cox (DR)
 * John A. Scudder (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. William Helms (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Jacob Hufty (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Thomas Newbold (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Henry Southard (DR)

New York
There were two plural districts, the 2nd & 6th, each had two representatives.
 * New York's 1st congressional district. Ebenezer Sage (DR)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. William Denning (DR)
 * Samuel L. Mitchill (DR)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. Gurdon S. Mumford (DR)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. Jonathan Fisk (DR)
 * New York's 4th congressional district. James Emott (F)
 * New York's 5th congressional district. Barent Gardenier (F)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. Herman Knickerbocker (F)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. Robert Le Roy Livingston (F)
 * New York's 7th congressional district. Killian Van Rensselaer (F)
 * New York's 8th congressional district. John Thompson (DR)
 * New York's 9th congressional district. Thomas Sammons (DR)
 * New York's 10th congressional district. John Nicholson (DR)
 * New York's 11th congressional district. Thomas R. Gold (F)
 * New York's 12th congressional district. Erastus Root (DR)
 * New York's 13th congressional district. Uri Tracy (DR)
 * New York's 14th congressional district. Vincent Mathews (F)
 * New York's 15th congressional district. Peter B. Porter (DR)

North Carolina

 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district. Lemuel Sawyer (DR)
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district. Willis Alston (DR)
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district. William Kennedy (DR)
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district. John Stanly (F)
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district. Thomas Kenan (DR)
 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district. Nathaniel Macon (DR)
 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district. Archibald McBryde (F)
 * North Carolina's 8th congressional district. Richard Stanford (DR)
 * North Carolina's 9th congressional district. James Cochran (DR)
 * North Carolina's 10th congressional district. Joseph Pearson (F)
 * North Carolina's 11th congressional district. James Holland (DR)
 * North Carolina's 12th congressional district. Meshack Franklin (DR)

Ohio

 * Ohio's at-large congressional district. Jeremiah Morrow (DR)

Pennsylvania
There were four plural districts, the 1st, 2nd, & 3rd had three representatives each, the 4th had two representatives.
 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. William Anderson (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. John Porter (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. Benjamin Say (DR)
 * Adam Seybert (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. Robert Brown (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. William Milnor (F)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. John Ross (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. Daniel Hiester (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. Robert Jenkins (F)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. Matthias Richards (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. David Bard (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. Robert Whitehill (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district. George Smith (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. William Crawford (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district. John Rea (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district. William Findley (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district. John Smilie (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district. Aaron Lyle (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district. Samuel Smith (DR)

Rhode Island
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * Rhode Island's at-large congressional district. Richard Jackson, Jr. (F)
 * Rhode Island's at-large congressional district. Elisha R. Potter (F)

South Carolina

 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district. Robert Marion (DR)
 * Langdon Cheves (DR)
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district. William Butler, Sr. (DR)
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Robert Witherspoon (DR)
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district. John Taylor (DR), resigned December 30, 1810, vacant for remainder of term
 * South Carolina's 5th congressional district. Richard Winn (DR)
 * South Carolina's 6th congressional district. Joseph Calhoun (DR)
 * South Carolina's 7th congressional district. Thomas Moore (DR)
 * South Carolina's 8th congressional district. Lemuel J. Alston (DR)

Tennessee

 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district. John Rhea (DR)
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district. Pleasant M. Miller (DR)
 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district. Robert Weakley (DR)

Vermont

 * Vermont's 1st congressional district. Samuel Shaw (DR)
 * Vermont's 2nd congressional district. Jonathan H. Hubbard (F)
 * Vermont's 3rd congressional district. William Chamberlain (F)
 * Vermont's 4th congressional district. Martin Chittenden (F)

Virginia

 * Virginia's 1st congressional district. John G. Jackson (DR)
 * William McKinley (DR)
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district. James Stephenson (F)
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district. John Smith (DR)
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district. Jacob Swoope (F)
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district. James Breckinridge (F)
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district. Daniel Sheffey (F)
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district. Joseph Lewis, Jr. (F)
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district. Walter Jones (DR)
 * Virginia's 9th congressional district. John Love (DR)
 * Virginia's 10th congressional district. John Dawson (DR)
 * Virginia's 11th congressional district. John Roane (DR)
 * Virginia's 12th congressional district. Burwell Bassett (DR)
 * Virginia's 13th congressional district. William A. Burwell (DR)
 * Virginia's 14th congressional district. Matthew Clay (DR)
 * Virginia's 15th congressional district. John Randolph (DR)
 * Virginia's 16th congressional district. John W. Eppes (DR)
 * Virginia's 17th congressional district. Thomas Gholson, Jr. (DR)
 * Virginia's 18th congressional district. Peterson Goodwyn (DR)
 * Virginia's 19th congressional district. Edwin Gray (DR)
 * Virginia's 20th congressional district. Thomas Newton, Jr. (DR)
 * Virginia's 21st congressional district. Wilson C. Nicholas (DR)
 * David S. Garland (DR)
 * Virginia's 22nd congressional district. John Clopton (DR)

Non-voting members

 * Indiana Territory's at-large congressional district. Jonathan Jennings
 * Mississippi Territory's at-large congressional district. George Poindexter
 * Orleans Territory's at-large congressional district. Julien De L. Poydras

Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.


 * Senate


 * replacements: 9
 * Democratic-Republicans: no net change
 * Federalists: no net change
 * deaths: 2
 * resignations: 8
 * interim appointments: 1
 * Total seats with changes: 12


 * House of Representatives


 * replacements: 11
 * Democratic-Republicans: no net change
 * Federalists: no net change
 * deaths: 1
 * resignations: 12
 * contested election: 1
 * Total seats with changes: 14

Employees

 * Architect of the Capitol: Benjamin Latrobe

Senate

 * Secretary: Samuel A. Otis of Massachusetts
 * Sergeant at Arms: James Mathers of New York
 * Chaplain:
 * James J. Wilmer, Episcopalian, elected May 24, 1809
 * Obadiah B. Brown, Baptist, elected December 5, 1809
 * Walter D. Addison, Episcopalian, elected December 12, 1810

House of Representatives

 * Clerk: Patrick Magruder of Maryland, elected May 22, 1809
 * Sergeant at Arms: Thomas Dunn of Maryland, elected May 22, 1809
 * Doorkeeper: Thomas Claxton, elected May 22, 1809
 * Chaplain: Jesse Lee, Methodist, elected May 22, 1809