14th United States Congress

The Fourteenth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in the Old Brick Capitol in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1815 to March 3, 1817, during the seventh and eighth years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Third Census of the United States in 1810. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.

Major legislation

 * April 10, 1816: Establishment of the Second Bank of the United States, ch. 94,

States admitted and territories organized

 * December 11, 1816: Indiana was admitted as a state.
 * March 3, 1817: Alabama Territory was created from a portion of the Mississippi Territory

Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate
TOTAL members: 38
 * Democratic-Republican (DR): 26 (majority)
 * Federalist (F): 12

House of Representatives
TOTAL members: 183
 * Democratic-Republican (DR): 119 (majority)
 * Federalist (F): 64

Senate

 * President: Vacant
 * President pro tempore: John Gaillard (DR) of South Carolina, first elected December 4, 1815

House of Representatives

 * Speaker: Henry Clay (DR) of Kentucky

Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1820; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1816; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1818.

Connecticut

 * 1. Samuel W. Dana (F)
 * 3. David Daggett (F)

Delaware

 * 1. Outerbridge Horsey (F)
 * 2. William H. Wells (F)

Georgia

 * 3. Charles Tait (DR)
 * 2. William W. Bibb (DR)
 * George Troup (DR)

Indiana

 * 1. James Noble (DR)
 * 3. Waller Taylor (DR)

Kentucky

 * 2. William T. Barry (DR)
 * Martin D. Hardin (F)


 * 3. Isham Talbot (DR)

Louisiana

 * 2. James Brown (DR)
 * 3. Eligius Fromentin (DR)

Maryland

 * 3. Robert H. Goldsborough (F)
 * 1. Robert G. Harper (F), installed February 5, 1816
 * Alexander C. Hanson (F)

Massachusetts

 * 2. Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR)
 * 1. Christopher Gore (F)
 * Eli P. Ashmun (F)

New Hampshire

 * 3. Jeremiah Mason (F)
 * 2. Thomas W. Thompson (F)

New Jersey

 * 2. John Condit (DR)
 * 1. James J. Wilson (DR)

New York

 * 3. Rufus King (F)
 * 1. Nathan Sanford (DR)

North Carolina

 * 2. James Turner (DR), until November 21, 1816
 * Montfort Stokes (DR), installed December 4, 1816


 * 3. Vacant, until December 13, 1815
 * Nathaniel Macon (DR), installed December 13, 1815

Ohio

 * 3. Jeremiah Morrow (DR)
 * 1. Benjamin Ruggles (DR)

Pennsylvania

 * 3. Abner Lacock (DR)
 * 1. Jonathan Roberts (DR)

Rhode Island

 * 2. Jeremiah B. Howell (DR)
 * 1. William Hunter (F)

South Carolina

 * 3. John Gaillard (DR)
 * 2. John Taylor (DR)
 * William Smith (DR)

Tennessee

 * 2. Jesse Wharton (DR)
 * John Williams (DR)


 * 1. George W. Campbell (DR), installed October 10, 1815 - End

Vermont

 * 3. Dudley Chase (DR)
 * 1. Isaac Tichenor (F)

Virginia

 * 1. James Barbour (DR)
 * 2. Vacant until January 3, 1816
 * Armistead T. Mason (DR), installed January 3, 1816

Connecticut
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Epaphroditus Champion (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. John Davenport (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Lyman Law (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Jonathan O. Moseley (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Timothy Pitkin (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Lewis B. Sturges (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Benjamin Tallmadge (F)

Delaware
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * Delaware's at-large congressional district. Thomas Clayton (F)
 * Delaware's at-large congressional district. Thomas Cooper (F)

Georgia
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. Alfred Cuthbert (DR)
 * Zadock Cook (DR)


 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. John Forsyth (DR)
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. Bolling Hall (DR)
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. Wilson Lumpkin (DR)
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. Thomas Telfair (DR)
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. Richard Henry Wilde (DR)

Indiana

 * Indiana's at-large congressional district. William Hendricks (DR)

Kentucky

 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district. James Clark (DR)
 * Thomas Fletcher (DR)


 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district. Henry Clay (DR), installed October 30, 1815
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district. Richard M. Johnson (DR)
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district. Joseph Desha (DR)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district. Alney McLean (DR)
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district. Solomon P. Sharp (DR)
 * Kentucky's 7th congressional district. Samuel McKee (DR)
 * Kentucky's 8th congressional district. Stephen Ormsby (DR)
 * Kentucky's 9th congressional district. Micah Taul (DR)
 * Kentucky's 10th congressional district. Benjamin Hardin (DR)

Louisiana

 * Louisiana's at-large congressional district. Thomas B. Robertson (DR)

Maryland
The 5th district was a plural district with two representatives.
 * Maryland's 1st congressional district. Philip Stuart (F)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district. John C. Herbert (F)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district. Alexander C. Hanson (F)
 * George Peter (F)


 * Maryland's 4th congressional district. George Baer, Jr. (F)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. Nicholas R. Moore (DR)
 * Samuel Smith (DR)


 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. William Pinkney (DR)
 * Peter Little (DR)


 * Maryland's 6th congressional district. Stevenson Archer (DR)
 * Maryland's 7th congressional district. Robert Wright (DR)
 * Maryland's 8th congressional district. Charles Goldsborough (F)

Massachusetts

 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district. Artemas Ward, Jr. (F)
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district. Timothy Pickering (F)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district. Jeremiah Nelson (F)
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district. Asahel Stearns (F)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district. Elijah H. Mills (F)
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district. Samuel Taggart (F)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district. John W. Hulbert (F)
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district. William Baylies (F)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district. John Reed, Jr. (F)
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district. Laban Wheaton (F)
 * Massachusetts's 11th congressional district. Elijah Brigham (F)
 * Benjamin Adams (F)


 * Massachusetts's 12th congressional district. Solomon Strong (F)
 * Massachusetts's 13th congressional district. Nathaniel Ruggles (F)
 * Massachusetts's 14th congressional district. Cyrus King (F)
 * Massachusetts's 15th congressional district. George Bradbury (F)
 * Massachusetts's 16th congressional district. Benjamin Brown (F)
 * Massachusetts's 17th congressional district. James Carr (F)
 * Massachusetts's 18th congressional district. Thomas Rice (F)
 * Massachusetts's 19th congressional district. Samuel S. Conner (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 20th congressional district. Albion K. Parris (DR)

New Hampshire
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. Charles H. Atherton (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. Bradbury Cilley (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. William Hale (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. Roger Vose (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. Daniel Webster (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. Jeduthun Wilcox (F)

New Jersey
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Ezra Baker (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Ephraim Bateman (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Benjamin Bennet (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Lewis Condict (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Henry Southard (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Thomas Ward (DR)

New York
There were six plural districts, the 1st, 2nd, 12th, 15th, 20th & 21st, each had two representatives.
 * New York's 1st congressional district. Henry Crocheron (DR)
 * New York's 1st congressional district. George Townsend (DR)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. William Irving (DR)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. Peter H. Wendover (DR)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. Jonathan Ward (DR)
 * New York's 4th congressional district. Abraham H. Schenck (DR)
 * New York's 5th congressional district. Thomas P. Grosvenor (F)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. Jonathan Fisk (DR)
 * James W. Wilkin (DR)


 * New York's 7th congressional district. Samuel R. Betts (DR)
 * New York's 8th congressional district. John Adams (DR)
 * Erastus Root (DR)


 * New York's 9th congressional district. John Lovett (F)
 * New York's 10th congressional district. Hosea Moffitt (F)
 * New York's 11th congressional district. John W. Taylor (DR)
 * New York's 12th congressional district. Asa Adgate (DR), took seat June 17, 1815
 * New York's 12th congressional district. John Savage (DR)
 * New York's 13th congressional district. John B. Yates (DR)
 * New York's 14th congressional district. Daniel Cady (F)
 * New York's 15th congressional district. James Birdsall (DR)
 * New York's 15th congressional district. Jabez D. Hammond (DR)
 * New York's 16th congressional district. Thomas R. Gold (F)
 * New York's 17th congressional district. Westel Willoughby, Jr. (DR), seated December 13, 1815
 * New York's 18th congressional district. Moss Kent (F)
 * New York's 19th congressional district. Victory Birdseye (DR)
 * New York's 20th congressional district. Oliver C. Comstock (DR)
 * New York's 20th congressional district. Enos T. Throop (DR)
 * Daniel Avery (DR)


 * New York's 21st congressional district. Micah Brooks (DR)
 * New York's 21st congressional district. Peter B. Porter (DR)
 * Archibald S. Clarke (DR)

North Carolina

 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district. William H. Murfree (DR)
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district. Joseph H. Bryan (DR)
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district. James W. Clark (DR)
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district. William Gaston (F)
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district. William R. King (DR)
 * Charles Hooks (DR)


 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district. Nathaniel Macon (DR)
 * Weldon N. Edwards (DR)


 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district. John Culpepper (F)
 * North Carolina's 8th congressional district. Richard Stanford (DR)
 * Samuel Dickens (DR)


 * North Carolina's 9th congressional district. Bartlett Yancey (DR)
 * North Carolina's 10th congressional district. William C. Love (DR)
 * North Carolina's 11th congressional district. Daniel M. Forney (DR)
 * North Carolina's 12th congressional district. Israel Pickens (DR)
 * North Carolina's 13th congressional district. Lewis Williams (DR)

Ohio

 * Ohio's 1st congressional district. John McLean (DR)
 * William Henry Harrison (DR)


 * Ohio's 2nd congressional district. John Alexander (DR)
 * Ohio's 3rd congressional district. William Creighton, Jr. (DR)
 * Ohio's 4th congressional district. James Caldwell (DR)
 * Ohio's 5th congressional district. James Kilbourne (DR)
 * Ohio's 6th congressional district. David Clendenin (DR)

Pennsylvania
There were six plural districts, the 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th & 10th had two representatives each, the 1st had four representatives.


 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. Joseph Hopkinson (F)
 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. William Milnor (F)
 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. Thomas Smith (F)
 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. Jonathan Williams (DR)
 * John Sergeant (F)


 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. William Darlington (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. John Hahn (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. James M. Wallace (DR), installed October 10, 1815
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. John Whiteside (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. Hugh Glasgow (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district. William Crawford (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district. William Maclay (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. Samuel D. Ingham (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. John Ross (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district. Joseph Hiester (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district. William Piper (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district. David Bard (DR)
 * Thomas Burnside (DR)
 * William P. Maclay (DR)


 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district. Jared Irwin (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district. William Wilson (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district. William Findley (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district. Aaron Lyle (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district. Isaac Griffin (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district. John Woods (F)
 * Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district. Thomas Wilson (DR)

Rhode Island
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * Rhode Island's at-large congressional district. John L. Boss, Jr. (F)
 * Rhode Island's at-large congressional district. James B. Mason (F)

South Carolina

 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district. Henry Middleton (DR)
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district. William Lowndes (DR)
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Benjamin Huger (F)
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district. John J. Chappell (DR)
 * South Carolina's 5th congressional district. William Woodward (DR)
 * South Carolina's 6th congressional district. John C. Calhoun (DR)
 * South Carolina's 7th congressional district. John Taylor (DR)
 * South Carolina's 8th congressional district. Thomas Moore (DR)
 * South Carolina's 9th congressional district. William Mayrant (DR)
 * Stephen D. Miller (DR)

Tennessee

 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district. Samuel Powell (DR)
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district. John Sevier (DR)
 * William G. Blount (DR)


 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district. Isaac Thomas (DR)
 * Tennessee's 4th congressional district. Bennett H. Henderson (DR)
 * Tennessee's 5th congressional district. Newton Cannon (DR)
 * Tennessee's 6th congressional district. James B. Reynolds (DR)

Vermont
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * Vermont's at-large congressional district. Daniel Chipman (F)
 * Vermont's at-large congressional district. Luther Jewett (F)
 * Vermont's at-large congressional district. Chauncey Langdon (F)
 * Vermont's at-large congressional district. Asa Lyon (F)
 * Vermont's at-large congressional district. Charles Marsh (F)
 * Vermont's at-large congressional district. John Noyes (F)

Virginia

 * Virginia's 1st congressional district. John G. Jackson (DR)
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district. Magnus Tate (F)
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district. Henry St. George Tucker (DR)
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district. William McCoy (DR)
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district. James Breckinridge (F)
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district. Daniel Sheffey (F)
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district. Ballard Smith (DR)
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district. Joseph Lewis, Jr. (F)
 * Virginia's 9th congressional district. John P. Hungerford (DR)
 * Virginia's 10th congressional district. Aylett Hawes (DR)
 * Virginia's 11th congressional district. Philip P. Barbour (DR)
 * Virginia's 12th congressional district. William H. Roane (DR)
 * Virginia's 13th congressional district. Burwell Bassett (DR)
 * Virginia's 14th congressional district. William A. Burwell (DR)
 * Virginia's 15th congressional district. Matthew Clay (DR)
 * John Kerr (DR)


 * Virginia's 16th congressional district. John Randolph (DR)
 * Virginia's 17th congressional district. James Pleasants (DR)
 * Virginia's 18th congressional district. Thomas Gholson, Jr. (DR)
 * Thomas M. Nelson (DR)


 * Virginia's 19th congressional district. Peterson Goodwyn (DR)
 * Virginia's 20th congressional district. James Johnson (DR)
 * Virginia's 21st congressional district. Thomas Newton, Jr. (DR)
 * Virginia's 22nd congressional district. Hugh Nelson (DR)
 * Virginia's 23rd congressional district. John Clopton (DR)
 * John Tyler (DR)

Non-voting members

 * Illinois Territory's at-large congressional district. Benjamin Stephenson
 * Nathaniel Pope


 * Indiana Territory's at-large congressional district. Jonathan Jennings
 * Mississippi Territory's at-large congressional district. William Lattimore
 * Missouri Territory's at-large congressional district. Rufus Easton, until August 5, 1816
 * John Scott, August 6, 1816 – January 13, 1817

Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

 * replacements: 6
 * Democratic-Republicans: 1 seat net loss
 * Federalists: 1 seat net gain
 * deaths: 0
 * resignations: 7
 * interim appointment: 1
 * seats of newly admitted states 2
 * Total seats with changes: 12

House of Representatives

 * replacements: 15
 * Democratic-Republicans: no net change
 * Federalists: no net change
 * deaths: 9
 * resignations: 16
 * contested election: 2
 * seats of newly admitted states: 1
 * Total seats with changes: 27

Employees

 * Architect of the Capitol: Benjamin Latrobe

Senate

 * Secretary: Charles Cutts of New Hampshire
 * Sergeant at Arms: Mountjoy Bayly
 * Chaplain: John Glendie, Presbyterian, elected December 8, 1815
 * Sereno Edwards Dwight, Congregationalist, elected December 16, 1816

House of Representatives

 * Clerk: Thomas Dougherty
 * Sergeant at Arms: Thomas Dunn, elected December 4, 1815
 * Doorkeeper: Thomas Claxton, elected December 4, 1815
 * Chaplain
 * Spencer H. Cone, Baptist, elected December 4, 1815
 * Burgess Allison, Baptist, elected December 2, 1816